This book is part of the Springer series Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research. The chapters seek to understand what social impact assessment is about, the methodology of identifying a project’s likely social impacts, the issues in integrating SIA into the process of project planning, and the mitigation of those adverse impacts that may cause hardships to people living in the project area. The contributors provide examples of social impact assessment from projects in different development sectors, such as dams, urban development, mining and transport, highlighting a wide range of complex issues involved in doing SIA.